Predict the Impact on Organisation and Consumers of Government Policy :: Economics

Predict the Impact on Organisation and Consumers of Government Policy on Industry The government's industrial policies seek to have an impact on organisations and consumers. The government has a wide range of policies effecting three areas: - Monopoly - Privatisation - Location of industry Monopoly and Restrictive Practices Monopoly power may lead to consumers being exploited for example, prices charged above the true marginal cost of supply - leading to excess profits being made by suppliers in the market. Monopoly power can also lead to lower quality output of goods as the protected position of monopolist means that there will be a lack of incentive to improve goods. Because of the potential economic welfare loss arising from the exploitation of monopoly power, the Government regulates some monopolies. Regulators can control annual price increases and introduce fresh competition into particular industries. In terms of regulation of monopoly the government attempts to prevent operations that are against the public interest - so called anti-competitive practices. Problems occur when the market structure in a given industry becomes monopolistic e.g. if a merger or a take-over causes a firm to supply more than 25% of the market output (defined as a working monopoly). The Competition Commission investigates mergers. Oligopolies can also lead to market failure - particularly if there is evidence of collusive behaviour by the dominant businesses within an industry. The Competition Commission The Competition is a public body established by the Competition Act 1998. Formerly known as the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, it came into being on 1st April 1999 The Competition Commission has two main roles: - Reporting on referrals made by the Director General of Fair Trading, the DTI and the main utility regulators - Hearing appeals against prohibitions under the Competition Act 1998 New legislation comes into force from 1st March 2000 and the Competition Commission will hear appeals against decisions made by regulators. Regulators and DGFT will carry out the prohibitions. Regulators have the power to enforce prohibitions and to impose fines of up to 10% of turnover. Prohibitions - These fall into two main categories: Anti-competitive agreements, which include fixing purchasing and selling prices, limiting production, technical development, investment, sharing markets or supply sources and applying different trading conditions to equivalent transactions. Abuse of dominant market position normally where a firm has over 40% of the market and imposing unfair purchasing or selling prices. Referrals to the Competition Commission A last ditch effort if the Director General of Fair Trading cannot remedy the problems. Tends to follow the merger business cycle (very strong at the moment!). Agreement can be reached to rectify the offending area of conflict - ITV companies were requested to reduce advertising sales contracts

Epq Doc Grade C

Motivational Song for a Footballer In my project I aim to create a motivational song which will allow footballers to push themselves, I will do this by researching in football magazines, online articles and asking semi-pro footballers on their opinions to give me an insight on what components are vital in my song. Motivation is a process which controls a person’s behaviour to a certain extent, this may be in response to an occurrence e. g. Feeling hungry motivates you to eat something.I want to take advantage of this and use strategies to increase motivation and therefore drive performance. I would measure this by observing the footballers behaviour for example how he felt he performed, how long he/she lasted before fatigued, This cannot be carried out empirically because this technology is not available. Many footballers need motivation to perform well, if not they can risk losing their team a game. I want to be able to boost a footballer’s morale at times of need.Chri s Carling quotes ‘In soccer, nothing can affect performance as dramatically as a sudden loss of motivation. Without the motivation to succeed a player cannot survive the challenges soccer can throw up. ’ Liz McColgan, London Marathon Winner says â€Å"Competing successfully in any sporting event is as much about the mind as the body. I like to use music with different tempos to help me with my training – it's easy to get into the beat and helps you relax more at speed. This tells me that one song cannot be created and named the ultimate motivational songs as many songs help motivate athletes in different ways but I can try and create a song to motivate footballers to the best of my ability. I started by reading a book called ‘Damn You’re Selfish’ by Jack Spades, the most important information I got from this book was that building friendships with teammates and thinking in a ‘us’ mentality instead of ‘me’ mentality i s key for excelling performance.I will take on-board this advice and use I reference to teammates in my song to encourage this mentality and therefor increasing performance. I then asked five semi-pro footballers what motivated them to perform well. They answered team speeches and music. I then asked ‘what type of music? ’ The majority replied R;amp;B/Hip-Hop and the minority said Indie, they were no other genres stated. I gathered from this information that I would make my song an R;amp;B track that would include motivational speech. I had never reated an R;amp;B instrumental before and wanted the beat unflawed so I ask a friend of mine to create this for me, he Named the instrumental ‘Motivation’ and uploaded this to YouTube so I could download this as an MP3 format in order to add vocals to the instrumental. I used a program named ‘Audacity’ to add vocals to my song; this is a free Cross-Platform Sound Editor. I started by importing my instr umental, after listening to it repeatedly I decided to start the song off with a motivational speech to boost morale. I searched for public motivational speeches.I found a speech that was considered to be one of the best motivational speeches, I agreed. The speech was named ‘I am a champion’, I was inspired by this and therefor decided to name my song ‘Champion’, the speech already had music in the background so I could not put the speech on my song as it would create a demoralising sound clash, so I used the powerful ‘I am a champion’ chant in my chorus to give my song a sense of team spirit which from my research I have seen plays a big part in such a competitive team game. ‘Champion! ’ ‘Champion! ’ ‘I am a champion! ‘I am a champion! ’ Then wrote my lyrics around this, remembering to use motivation sentences such as ‘You’re never over’ to create emotions of self-belief.The lyri cs I wrote for this were typed on word whilst listening to the instrumental repeatedly. Here are the lyrics, the grammar has not been modified and is exactly how it was when I recorded them Reece Senior – Champion Lyrics you’re a champ don't forget it Don't try half hearted ,you'll regret it Gotta move through your darkest moments Your never over Remember Rome wasn't built in a day And where there's a will, there's a way' The same way you can be who you wanna be You lead the way and tell ‘em come follow me And if they can't keep up, up he stamina And if they're not faster, up your speed That way you can guarantee you'll have everything that you need You’re a warrior, don't let it worry ya Your 1st class football courier You here to claim you’re avengance So pay attention ‘cause glory doesn't come free Train till your legs can’t pick you up Train till your feet have the perfect touch Train till your clubmates feel the rushYou’re n ot giving up you've came to far from the bench to front of the field, Gotta keep your thoughts strong have a mind of steel Gotta keep focused ‘cause you play how you feel (And then we'll snatch victory †¦Yes we will) Working your way from the bottom to the top you can't stop you’re a champion Aching everywhere but hard work doesn't scare you you’re a champion I firmly believe that any man’s finest hour, the greatest fulfilment that all that he holds dear, is that the moment when he has worked his heart out in a good cause and lies exhausted on the field of battle – victorious †¦.. Vince LombardiI used a Samson CO1U to record my vocals, this is a USB studio condenser microphone which I used to record at home. I structured my vocals in layers to add affects such has ‘Ad Libtums’ which is where you record the same verse twice, each in a separate layer to add emphasis to my song. Two layer of the same verse, known has ad-libs Two layer of the same verse, known has ad-libs After recording the song I felt the end needed another motivational speech so I researched more speeches and came across a speech from a film names ‘Best Shot’ and decided this would be perfect to put into my song.I then recorded my self stating a motivation speech from ‘Vince Lombardi’, a successful American Football coach. After this was completed I handed it to 3 of my participants (one of them which said they preferred indie) which I questioned at the start of my project, I asked them to listen to the song whilst exercising and give me feedback on the song. They all said the song was motivational and drived them to push themselves harder.

Plagiarism A Fine Line Between Inspiration And Plagiarism

When it comes to artist’s muses there is a fine line between inspiration and plagiarism. If one tries to define the areas where art starts plagiarizing a body of work, they will most likely end up fighting in circles. It is difficult to constitute where plagiarizing begins and inspiration ends. Artists have been including copyrighted or trademarked work into their own pieces and then calling it their own for decades, possibly even longer. Nowadays artists from all ends of the world are basing their work around preexisting pieces or are using the likenesses surrounding them. This doesn’t rest in the art world either. Just recently in the news, there was a report that a successful lawsuit was brought against Robin Thicke for his hit song â€Å"Blurred Lines.† Marvin Gaye’s estate brought a lawsuit against Thicke for ripping off Gaye’s 1977 hit â€Å"Got to Give It Up.† The ruling was in favor of Gaye, resulting in Thicke owing $7.3 million to G aye’s family in damages (Grow, Kory). This case and other cases have light shed on them from the media and then public debates ensue about which party is in the right. Society has an array of opinions when it comes to copyright, fair use, and appropriation. Many people do not understand the specifics about copyright laws nor do they comprehend how one can truly break these laws fully. More often than not, people are familiar with at least the phrases copyright, appropriation and fair use. But the legitimate points are fairly skewed by the public.Show MoreRelatedWriting an Academic Essay1224 Words   |  5 Pagesacademic piece of writing, and incorporating them effectively into your own writing. In this essay I will further discuss the following three features to enrich credible academic writing; planning and drafting, critical writing and referencing and plagiarism. With an abundant quantity of literature available, it is important to understand the factors that contribute to the credibility of an academic piece of writing. With the amount of literature available, especially with the Internet, making criticalRead MoreResearch Task : Newcastle College3427 Words   |  14 PagesI learn to teach the students how to engage in mathematical thinking, how to use problem solving techniques, practical work, mental methods, use of calculator and computers to accomplish good results. It is essential to show them the correlation between maths, other subjects and areas of world so that they can embrace it. By training to teach maths, I will learn to plan and deliver lessons in classroom and how to deal with the subject s challenges. 3) What learning and perhaps teaching experiencesRead MoreAn Ethical Assessment of Cultural Appropriation in Fine Art6236 Words   |  25 PagesAppropriate Appropriation: An Ethical Assessment of Cultural Appropriation in Fine Art Gabriela Amaya-Baron Ethics and Visual Representation Diane Zeeuw 09/2012 Cultural appropriation is a concept that seems to carry with it a negative connotation. 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Indian women writers explores the feminine subjectivity and applies the theme that ranges from childhood to complete womanhoodRead MoreCase Study148348 Words   |  594 PagesStrategy Experience simulation with guidance on the aims and objectives of the simulation, and instructions on how to set up simulation groups that enable you to monitor your student’s performance Also: the following instructor resources are available off-line: †¢ Instructor’s manual in hard copy, with CD containing PowerPoint slides and classic cases †¢ Video resources on DVD For more information, please contact your local Pearson Education sales representative or visit www.pearsoned.co.uk/mystrategylab Read MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pages . . . . . . . . . 169 Centralization and Decentralization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170 Unity of Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 Span of Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 Line and Staff Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 Coordinatio n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 Coordinating Mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 Conclusion . . . . . .Read MoreA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words   |  209 PagesChapter 6 deals with the nature of man. Starting from the premise that man is a microcosm, the author opens with an enumeration of the characteristics which make man superior to all other creatures (pp 40-41). He then gives the familiar correspondences between the parts of the human body and those of the macrocosm. Though at first there are only reminiscences of the lhwà ¢n al-Safà ¢Ã¢â‚¬â„¢, we soon find whole pages together which are identical with that work, and, in part, with the work edited by Goldziher as The

Defying Social Constraints in A Dolls House Essay

I really liked this play along with the other ones we have read in class. However, this plays seems to stand out to me because it takes a feminist point of view. It is always good to go inside the role of a woman and see how they feel and act upon their own thoughts. Good literature helps us to learn about how other people think and act. Moreover, when we can relate the characters actions to our lives or the world around us the meaning is more personal and beneficial. For some reason, I feel like many women out there really do feel like Nora. They are trapped in economic circumstances because it is the safe way to go. Many times woman do not truly love their husbands and are rather there just to live a safe and comfortable life.†¦show more content†¦In todays sense, she is a stay home mom and in the Victorian times, thats what women were supposed to do. However, Edna felt the exact opposite way and she even states this by saying, I would sacrifice my life, but not my self for my children. Edna was just tired of being her husbands possession and keeping up with the social conventions at the time. As a result, she searched internally within herself to escape the cage she was living in. Through the process of self realization Edna decides to move into her own pigeon house. She leaves her kids and husband to live on her own in order to not be anybodys possession, but just her self. The pigeon house allows her to dare and defy social constraints without loosing her social respectability. Edna followed her heart rather than reason, which is one of the themes of the novel. Still Edna felt caged and the only place that had no boundaries or restrictions was the sea. Rather a selfish way to escape, it was the only thing left for her to do, so she commits suicide. This is quite the contrary from the relationship between Song Liling and Rene Gallimard in M. Butterfly or Anna and Gourav in The Lady With The Pet Dog. Despite the sex differences between in M. Butterfly, the couples in both stories truly love each other as they both emotionally, physically, and spiritually satisfy each other. There is no satisfaction or

The Psychological Cost Of Children During The American...

Lt. Col. Dave Grossman is a former army Ranger, paratrooper, and west point psychology professor. Grossman is a world renown expert in the field of human aggression and the psychology of combat (Grossman et. al, 2007). In his book, On Killing: The Psychological Cost of Learning to Kill in War and Society, he talks about non-firing rate. Non-firing rate is the percentage of soldiers who freeze up during combat, and do not fire their weapon. There has been documentation of non-firing rate dating back to 1863, during the American Civil War. There is even documentation to prove that both World War I and II soldiers displayed the same consistence in failing to fire their weapons; but why is this important? The weapons had the proficiency to kill, but the soldier holding the weapon did not. All the documentation of soldier’s inability to fire their weapon indicates that there is a psychological power greater than military training (Gorssman et. al., 1995). This force acts as a blo ckade, preventing man from standing before man, and engaging in the conscious act of taking the life of a person. Even when faced with the decision to kill the man standing before him, or be killed, evidence shows that man will be killed before he kills (Grossman et. al., 1995). Thus, providing the evidence needed to indicate humans are not born with the capability to kill. Engaging in combat has taken a tole on the mental well being of the military service members. â€Å"Military personnel have always beenShow MoreRelatedStrategic Corporate Social Responsibility Of The Armed Services Ymca Essay1239 Words   |  5 Pagesservices such as assistance to rehabilitate wounded soldiers, free medical and psychological counseling, and programs to aid soldiers and their families. This choice is also based on the known deficit of support to military men and women who frequently suffer from life altering physical and emotional injuries. 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Best Convention Venue in Singapore Free Essays

Being the main convention venue in Singapore, the Sands Expo and Convention Center has held more than 700 events in its first year of opening. With its construction, the Sands is a turning point in Singapore’s MICE industry. While the Singaporean government heavily positions the destination to be a tourism and event hub, thanks to this concrete stepping stone, Singapore has successfully climbed up the ranks to second on the â€Å"Top international meeting countries† list according to UIA (2010). We will write a custom essay sample on Best Convention Venue in Singapore or any similar topic only for you Order Now With this honor, Marina Bay Sands is definitely an important attraction that could not be missed. Secret of Marina Bay Sands: perfect location As the biggest MICE facility in Singapore, the Sands Expo and Convention Center locates only approximately 20 minutes from the Changi International Airport and 10 minutes from the city center, which makes good connectivity to be one of its strengths. As location is a crucial determinant to whether a convention center can be successful or not, proximity to city center and airport give valid reasons for the Sands to be one of the best locations for convention. Diversified infrastructure adds value to the convention center What impress me the most are the infrastructure and environmental elements in the Marina Bay Sands complex. To be a successful convention center, these two elements serve as other crucial determinants and the Sands Expo and Convention Center has fully displayed its strength in these aspects. While the convention center locates within the complex of Marina Bay Sands, on the way to Marina Bay Sands, one would pass one of the most historical accommodations in Singapore – the Fullerton. The historical feeling starts a wonderful journey into the Marina Bay Sands. Not to mention the iconic landmark of the three-tower design with a ship on top of the Sands Hotel and the lotus-like ArtScience Museum which adds ultural essence to the area, the SkyPark on top of the 57 storey-high building is another magnificent location for special events. Imagine hosting a cocktail party after a long day of convention located directly opposite to the complex of hotel building, the SkyGarden gives delegates a chance to embrace a panorama view of the whole city of Singapore. This sensational experience would surely impresses and stays in the hearts of every delegate. The Sands also satisfy the green conscious new generation by surrounded by lots of green trees and grassland, the sustainable greenery also steps from the whole image of Singapore. While Marina Bay Sands provides stunning views of the water, first class attractions, relaxed atmosphere, tasteful accommodation and a state-of-art convention center, what more can we ask for? The Sands Expo and Convention Center has strategically located in a perfect area of Singapore and with its outstanding design and comprehensive infrastructure, it has all the things MICE development is looking for, no wonder Singapore could be the â€Å"Top International meeting City† (UFI, 2011). I would be very proud if Hong Kong could develop such mega integrated resort combined with attractions, hotels and landmark. How to cite Best Convention Venue in Singapore, Papers

Advance Financial Accounting Newly Projected Accounting

Question: Describe about the Advance Financial Accounting for Newly Projected Accounting. Answer: 1 a.Positive accounting theory: Positive accounting theory can be defined as the appearance of neo-classical economical concept. It is understood as the principle of balanced choice of theory, which consists of self-interest materiality usually, defined as the opportunistic behavior for all accounting activities. Corporate social responsibility study discloses by making the use of economic theory that positive accounting theory tries its effort to make a good prediction of the current world and transform them into accounting transactions. Watts, R.L. and Zimmerman (2012) reviewed that normative theories gives an explanatory statement and predict that actions which accounting entities should select to the newly projected accounting standard. The general intention of the positive accounting theory is to recognize and forecast the choice of accounting procedures across conflicting business entity. It helps in identifying the prospect for economic prospect, which prevails in an organization. In relation to Positive Accounting Theory there is a need that business entities will want to reduce cost associated with the contracts. Positive accounting identifies circumstances, which requires the managers to obtain the flexibility in selecting accounting policies in terms of changing situation. 1.b. Legitimacy theory: This depends upon the circumstances that there is societal agreement between the business entity and the society under which it functions. Lanis and Richardson (2012) legitimacy theory defines that an organization regularly seeks to guarantee that they function within the boundary of their relevant society. While undertaking a legitimacy theoretical viewpoint, a corporation would necessarily report on the actions if management perceives that, the communities under which it operates anticipate these activities. It should be noted that there are no usually established theory for amplification of CSR disclosure practice as current study in the CSR literature is principally dependent on legitimacy theory. Lanis and Richardson (2012) reviewed that it is possible that the legitimacy theory is extensively accepted theory to give explanation on the environmental and social disclosure. Whereas on the other hand, Hoque et al. (2013) opinion that legitimacy theory has the upper hand over additional theories, which provides disclosure of strategies that organizations might accept to legitimate their presence that might be empirically, tested. 1.c Stakeholder theory: For decades, scholar have reviewed that the relationship between the business entities and societies concerning the corporate social responsibilities for stakeholders. Several philosophical approaches have been mentioned in the discussion regarding the challenges of integrating the ethical perspective of CSR along with practical and managerial perspective of the stakeholder theory. (Sen and Cowley (2013) The theory of stakeholder makes the difference between the narrow and the wider concept in contrast to the importance of stakeholders. Under the narrow concept concerning the stakeholder, it defines the significance groups, which are proportionately related to the vital economic interest of the business entity. In addition to this, it also signifies the essence of sustaining the moral relations amid the organization and the stakeholders in order to represent the core of the normative stakeholder theory. The wider concept on the other hand is based on the empirical study where Business Corporation in reality influences the interest of the individual and is usually relying on someone. This perception is understood as the core of the expressive theory as both the conceptual framework is based on two important assumptions. Stakeholders are understood as individual or groups who have the ability to influence the corporations and rely on the corporation Business Corporation on the other hand either incurs expenditure for them or brings beneficiary gain through which they manage to influence the corporation. 1.d. Institutional theory: As stated by Setyorini and Ishak (2012) the conceptual framework of institutional theory is considered as strong candidate responsible for development. It is noteworthy to denote that the theory not only introduced a specific number of social science but also brings in the effective way of promoting integration of diverse perspective. The introduction of institutional theory under the framework of CSR enables a better understanding of business responsibilities in two main aspects one being the diversity and the other being dynamics. This corresponds widely to the two of the most leading schools of contemplation under institutional theory, which have a propensity to emphasize the worldwide distribution of practices and the acceptance of theories by the business organization. On the absence or presence of institutional factors, there is relevant difference between the institutional factors and practices as because institutional theories play a role of mediators of behavior of the socially responsible business. Setyorini and Ishak (2012) reviewed that the existence of outside forces influences the business organizations to adopt the social responsibilities and practices. This shows that the corporations have the tendency to adopt socially responsible behavior while regulating the cultural institutions. 2: Criticism and limitations of positive accounting theory: One of the recently emphasized theoretical approaches that has been emphasized is positive accounting theory. Setyorini and Ishak (2012) opinioned their criticism on different perspective directed towards positive accounting theory. Several critics refer to the technical aspects of this research. Corporate social responsibility study discloses with the help of economic theory that positive accounting theory puts its best endeavor to make a better forecast of the existing world and convert them into accounting transactions. Critiques have viewed their concerned with the philosophy of issues, which is centered on the limitations of economic based accounting research. Bonin (2013) responded to the most published critiques of positive accounting theory. They significantly mentioned the methodological criticism have been unsuccessful on the accounting research. The study provides a critical examination of the positive accounting theory and its limitations by evaluating the alleged failure s based on the economic parameters. Positive accounting theory is understood to have been applied in terms of economic positivism. By tracing down the historical grounds of positive accounting theory with the help of economic roots illustrates that the positive aspects of accounting theory is more rhetoric than methodology. Christensen et al. (2016) argued that positive accounting theory represents shifting of accounting problems towards the domain of research, which is appropriate in the areas of economic activities. On the other hand, the concerned study provides a review of based on the publications of critiques that positive accounting theory may not be very effective, as economic based critiques have emphasized the limitations of equilibrium-based assessment shows a potential avenue for procedural analysis of positive accounting theory. It is rightly denoted that positive accounting theory has been a subject of various criticism ever since it came into the scenario. For instance, Fernando and Lawrence (2014) criticized on the grounds that the theory has limited itself under the positive study of accounting practice and accounting practitioners have restricted the expansion and progress of the theory. The accounting practitioners did not pay any heed for the evaluation and assessment of accounting practice adopted by them. Hui et al. (2012) on the other hand further analyzed the potential of accomplishment of as being nil. Positive accounting theory has been criticized for its methodological intolerance and asserts that normative accounting theory had a legitimate place in accounting. In addition to this, many researchers have widely provided a negative appraisal of positive accounting theory by saying that it narrowed the researchers approach and focus. Watts and Zimmerman (2012) on the other hand, did not agreed to the assessment and opinion directed towards positive accounting theory. Frey and Stutzer (2014) examined that positive accounting theory attracted several academics but also attempted to mention that the theory fails to address social disclosure. Limitations of positive accounting theory: Inadequate prescription: Positive accounting theory does not provide any prescription and it also do not act as a means of enhancing and improving the accounting practices. Assumptions are not valid: It should be noted that positive accounting theory suffers from the limitations of not being value free as it stresses on the assumptions that all the actions is driven by self interest. It is related to the fundamentally assumes that all the actions are driven by a desire to maximize the wealth of an individual (Setyorini and Ishak 2012). Researchers have assumed that positive accounting theory based on negative prospect of human kind. Stagnant: Ever since the inceptions of positive accounting theory, the issues that has been brought forward have not represented any significant development under this theory. Individual choices vs. several alternatives: Several researches performed under the framework of positive accounting theory takes into the considerations individual accounting choices when put into practice (Bonin 2013). On the other hand, research shows that many business entities have large number of accounting alternatives to choose from, which may create an opposing impact on the financial performance and position of the organization. Too simplistic: The study provides another limitation of positive accounting theory by stating that the measurement and proxies, which is used in this theory, is far too simplistic. Thus, positive number of limitations scientifically flaws accounting theory it lack universality of the conclusions (Hribar et al. 2013). Hence, it should be noted that while conducting empirical research based on large-scale parameters it was concluded that positive accounting theory ignores the areas of numerous organizational relationships. This is the reason behind the limitations, which is suffered by positive accounting theory. Reference List: Bonin, H., 2013.Generational accounting: theory and application. Springer Science Business Media. 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